Offshore Risk Management Training Course

1. Introduction to Offshore Risk Management

1.1 Offshore Risk Management Fundamentals

• Risk management definition including (systematic identification, assessment, control, monitoring, value protection, uncertainty management)

• Offshore context including (remote locations, harsh environment, high hazards, complex operations, regulatory scrutiny, unique challenges)

• Major accident hazards including (hydrocarbon release, fire, explosion, structural failure, collision, well blowout, catastrophic events)

• Risk management objectives including (personnel safety, asset protection, environmental protection, business continuity, regulatory compliance)

• Business case including (accident prevention, cost avoidance, reputation protection, license to operate, operational excellence)

1.2 Offshore Industry Hazards

• Hydrocarbon hazards including (flammable materials, explosive atmospheres, toxic substances, high pressure, high temperature, inherent dangers)

• Structural hazards including (structural integrity, fatigue, corrosion, extreme weather, seismic activity, foundation failures)

• Operational hazards including (drilling operations, well operations, lifting operations, diving, heavy machinery, work activities)

• Marine hazards including (vessel collision, supply vessel operations, weather conditions, wave impact, maritime risks)

• Human factors including (human error, fatigue, competence gaps, communication failures, decision-making, organizational factors)

1.3 Regulatory Framework

• International standards including (IMO conventions, SOLAS, MARPOL, ISM Code, international maritime safety, global framework)

• Regional regulations including (US regulations, UK regulations, Norwegian regulations, regional authorities, jurisdiction-specific requirements)

• Safety Case regime including (goal-setting regulation, demonstration of safety, major accident prevention, operator responsibility, comprehensive documentation)

• Industry standards including (API standards, ISO standards, NORSOK standards, DNV standards, technical requirements, best practices)

• Compliance obligations including (regulatory reporting, inspection readiness, performance monitoring, continuous compliance, legal requirements)

2. Risk Management Process

2.1 Risk Management Framework

• ISO 31000 principles including (integrated, structured, comprehensive, inclusive, dynamic, best available information, human factors, continual improvement)

• Risk management process including (establishing context, risk assessment, risk treatment, monitoring and review, communication, systematic approach)

• ALARP principle including (As Low As Reasonably Practicable, risk reduction, cost-benefit balance, tolerability, risk acceptance criteria)

• Risk governance including (roles and responsibilities, accountability, decision-making authority, management commitment, organizational structure)

• Documentation including (risk registers, assessment reports, action plans, performance records, audit trail, comprehensive records)

2.2 Establishing Context

• External context including (regulatory environment, stakeholder expectations, market conditions, technology trends, external factors)

• Internal context including (organizational objectives, capabilities, resources, culture, operational environment, internal factors)

• Stakeholder identification including (employees, contractors, regulators, communities, investors, NGOs, diverse interests)

• Risk criteria including (risk tolerance, acceptance criteria, evaluation standards, decision thresholds, organizational risk appetite)

• Scope definition including (physical boundaries, operational scope, activities covered, assessment boundaries, clear delimitation)

2.3 Risk Communication

• Communication purpose including (awareness, understanding, engagement, consultation, transparency, informed decisions)

• Stakeholder communication including (employees, management, regulators, contractors, external parties, tailored messaging)

• Communication methods including (toolbox talks, safety meetings, campaigns, reporting, training, diverse channels)

• Reporting requirements including (regulatory reporting, incident reporting, performance reporting, compliance documentation, transparent disclosure)

• Risk perception including (individual perception, organizational perception, cultural factors, communication challenges, alignment)

3. Hazard Identification

3.1 Hazard Identification Techniques

• HAZID workshops including (facilitated sessions, systematic identification, brainstorming, multi-disciplinary team, comprehensive coverage)

• Checklists including (standard checklists, industry experience, regulatory requirements, systematic review, proven methodology)

• What-if analysis including (questioning technique, scenario exploration, creative thinking, potential hazards, simple approach)

• Failure modes analysis including (equipment failure, component failure, failure consequences, systematic examination, technical focus)

• Job Safety Analysis including (task breakdown, step-by-step hazards, work activity analysis, operational focus, detailed examination)

3.2 Systematic Hazard Review

• Process hazards including (process design, operating conditions, chemical properties, process deviations, inherent hazards)

• HAZOP Study including (Hazard and Operability Study, systematic deviation analysis, guide words, design intent, team-based review)

• Design reviews including (concept design, detailed design, modifications, design changes, lifecycle reviews, systematic verification)

• Operational reviews including (operational procedures, normal operations, abnormal situations, maintenance activities, operational hazards)

• Interface hazards including (system interfaces, organizational interfaces, simultaneous operations, interaction risks, boundary management)

3.3 Continuous Hazard Identification

• Pre-job hazard assessment including (permit to work, task risk assessment, work planning, activity-specific identification, frontline awareness)

• Change management including (Management of Change, modification hazards, temporary changes, organizational changes, systematic assessment)

• Incident investigation including (learning from incidents, near-miss reporting, investigation findings, trend analysis, reactive identification)

• Audits and inspections including (compliance verification, condition monitoring, systematic inspection, deficiency identification, assurance)

• Continuous monitoring including (performance indicators, leading indicators, trend monitoring, proactive identification, ongoing vigilance)

4. Risk Assessment

4.1 Risk Assessment Fundamentals

• Risk definition including (combination of likelihood and consequence, uncertainty, threat and opportunity, potential for harm)

• Risk components including (hazard, threat, vulnerability, exposure, consequences, likelihood, multi-dimensional understanding)

• Assessment types including (qualitative assessment, semi-quantitative assessment, quantitative assessment, appropriate methodology)

• Assessment levels including (screening assessment, detailed assessment, site-specific assessment, tiered approach, proportionate effort)

• Assessment team including (facilitator, subject matter experts, operations personnel, multi-disciplinary, collective expertise)

4.2 Qualitative Risk Assessment

• Risk matrix including (likelihood categories, consequence categories, risk ranking, visual representation, simple methodology)

• Likelihood assessment including (frequency estimation, probability categories, historical data, expert judgment, estimation approach)

• Consequence assessment including (personnel, environmental, asset, reputation, business, multiple dimensions, severity categories)

• Risk ranking including (risk level determination, priority setting, focus allocation, high-medium-low, resource targeting)

• Limitations including (subjective judgment, consistency challenges, resolution limits, appropriate application, methodology awareness)

4.3 Quantitative Risk Assessment

• QRA methodology including (frequency analysis, consequence modeling, risk calculation, numerical results, sophisticated analysis)

• Event tree analysis including (initiating events, event sequences, outcomes, probability calculation, systematic progression)

• Fault tree analysis including (top event, contributing failures, logical relationships, probability calculation, deductive reasoning)

• Consequence modeling including (dispersion modeling, fire modeling, explosion modeling, escalation, impact assessment)

• Individual risk including (Fatal Accident Rate, individual risk per annum, location-specific risk, risk contours, personal risk)

• Societal risk including (F-N curves, multiple fatalities, societal impact, risk tolerability, collective risk, community concerns)

5. Risk Control and Safety Barriers

5.1 Hierarchy of Controls

• Hierarchy of controls including (elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, PPE, effectiveness ranking)

• Elimination including (hazard removal, design-out, alternative approach, most effective control, preferred option)

• Substitution including (less hazardous material, safer process, alternative method, hazard reduction, practical alternative)

• Engineering controls including (physical barriers, isolation, ventilation, passive protection, inherent safety, reliable controls)

• Administrative controls including (procedures, training, permits, supervision, work planning, organizational measures)

• Personal protective equipment including (last line of defense, multiple hazards, proper selection, maintenance, training, supplementary protection)

5.2 Safety Barrier Management

• Barrier concept including (defense layer, prevention barrier, mitigation barrier, protection, risk reduction, systematic approach)

• Bow-Tie Analysis including (hazard, top event, threats, consequences, barriers, visual representation, systematic understanding)

• Barrier types including (preventive barriers, protective barriers, active barriers, passive barriers, diverse elements, layered defense)

• Barrier performance including (effectiveness, reliability, availability, robustness, assurance, performance standards)

• Barrier verification including (testing, inspection, maintenance, performance monitoring, assurance activities, continuous verification)

5.3 Technical Safety Systems

• Safety instrumented systems including (SIS, emergency shutdown, fire and gas detection, process safety, automated protection)

• Safety Integrity Level including (SIL rating, reliability requirement, risk reduction, performance criteria, design standard)

• Fire and gas systems including (detection, alarm, emergency shutdown, deluge, protective systems, emergency response)

• Structural integrity including (design standards, inspection, maintenance, corrosion management, fatigue management, structural protection)

• Emergency systems including (emergency power, communications, lifeboats, evacuation, refuge, survival systems, life-saving equipment)

6. Operational Risk Management

6.1 Permit to Work System

• PTW purpose including (work authorization, hazard communication, control verification, coordination, safe work, systematic control)

• Permit types including (hot work permit, confined space, working at height, electrical work, diving, specialized permits)

• PTW process including (work planning, risk assessment, isolation, authorization, work execution, permit closure, systematic workflow)

• Isolations including (energy isolation, lock-out tag-out, de-energization, verification, safe state, protection assurance)

• Simultaneous operations including (SIMOPS, interaction identification, conflict prevention, coordination, safe coexistence, interface management)

6.2 Operational Procedures

• Operating procedures including (normal operations, startup, shutdown, emergency, abnormal situations, systematic guidance)

• Procedure development including (hazard-based, step-by-step, clear instructions, verification, competent personnel, effective procedures)

• Procedure adherence including (training, competency, supervision, monitoring, deviation management, compliance assurance)

• Critical procedures including (safety-critical tasks, high-risk operations, critical activities, enhanced procedures, special attention)

• Procedure updating including (change management, continuous improvement, lessons learned, current procedures, living documents)

6.3 Asset Integrity Management

• Integrity management including (systematic approach, lifecycle management, degradation prevention, failure prevention, reliability assurance)

• Inspection programs including (risk-based inspection, preventive inspection, condition monitoring, non-destructive testing, systematic verification)

• Maintenance management including (preventive maintenance, corrective maintenance, condition-based maintenance, reliability-centered maintenance, systematic care)

• Corrosion management including (corrosion monitoring, protective coatings, cathodic protection, inspection, mitigation strategies)

• Aging facilities including (life extension, degradation assessment, integrity challenges, enhanced monitoring, sustained integrity)

7. Emergency Preparedness and Response

7.1 Emergency Planning

• Emergency types including (fire, explosion, collision, well blowout, man overboard, medical emergency, diverse scenarios)

• Emergency Response Plan including (organization, procedures, resources, communication, coordination, systematic preparedness)

• Emergency organization including (command structure, emergency response team, roles and responsibilities, clear organization)

• Emergency facilities including (muster stations, temporary refuge, lifeboats, helicopter, evacuation means, survival equipment)

• Emergency equipment including (firefighting equipment, rescue equipment, medical equipment, communication, maintained readiness)

7.2 Emergency Response

• Alarm and mustering including (emergency alarm, muster, accountability, roll call, assembly, systematic accounting)

• Emergency response actions including (initial response, firefighting, rescue, medical aid, evacuation, coordinate actions)

• Incident Command System including (command structure, unified command, span of control, systematic coordination, scalable organization)

• Communication including (internal communication, external notification, stakeholder communication, emergency communication, clear messaging)

• Evacuation including (evacuation decision, means selection, offshore evacuation, safe haven, personnel survival, life preservation)

7.3 Crisis Management

• Crisis management including (strategic management, decision-making, stakeholder management, business continuity, organizational response)

• Crisis management team including (senior management, support functions, decision authority, strategic coordination, leadership)

• Communication management including (media relations, family liaison, regulatory notification, public communication, reputation management)

• Business continuity including (operational recovery, critical functions, resilience, continuity planning, sustained operations)

• Post-emergency including (recovery, investigation, learning, improvement, return to normal, organizational resilience)

8. Human Factors and Behavioral Safety

8.1 Human Factors

• Human factors definition including (human capabilities, limitations, performance shaping, error causation, organizational factors)

• Human error including (slip, lapse, mistake, violation, error types, causation, prevention focus, systemic understanding)

• Performance shaping factors including (task factors, individual factors, environmental factors, organizational factors, error influences)

• Fatigue management including (work hours, rest requirements, shift patterns, fatigue risks, alertness maintenance, fitness for duty)

• Competence assurance including (training, assessment, verification, competency maintenance, capability assurance, systematic approach)

8.2 Safety Culture

• Safety culture including (shared values, beliefs, attitudes, behaviors, organizational commitment, cultural foundation)

• Culture maturity including (pathological, reactive, calculative, proactive, generative, maturity progression, cultural evolution)

• Leadership commitment including (visible leadership, resource provision, priorities, accountability, role modeling, tone setting)

• Employee engagement including (participation, involvement, empowerment, ownership, psychological safety, collective responsibility)

• Just culture including (reporting culture, learning culture, accountability, fairness, trust, open communication, continuous learning)

8.3 Behavioral Safety

• Behavioral observation including (safe behaviors, at-risk behaviors, observation programs, peer observation, behavior change)

• Behavior-Based Safety including (BBS programs, observation, feedback, reinforcement, employee involvement, behavioral focus)

• Safety leadership including (visible leadership, field presence, engagement, coaching, recognition, leadership influence)

• Stop work authority including (empowerment, intervention, work stoppage, concern raising, safety priority, authority support)

• Safety communication including (toolbox talks, safety moments, campaigns, conversations, continuous messaging, awareness building)

9. Drilling and Well Operations Risk

9.1 Drilling Operations Hazards

• Well control hazards including (kicks, blowouts, high pressure, formation fluids, loss of control, catastrophic risk)

• Blowout prevention including (BOP systems, well barriers, barrier management, testing, verification, primary protection)

• Drilling hazards including (stuck pipe, lost circulation, well stability, equipment failure, operational challenges)

• Rig operations including (lifting operations, dropped objects, simultaneous operations, operational risks, coordination)

• Subsea operations including (remotely operated vehicles, subsea equipment, deep water, technical complexity, specialized operations)

9.2 Well Integrity Management

• Well barriers including (primary barrier, secondary barrier, barrier philosophy, well control, integrity assurance)

• Barrier verification including (pressure testing, barrier elements, verification process, acceptance criteria, integrity confirmation)

• Well integrity monitoring including (ongoing verification, pressure monitoring, leak detection, condition assessment, continuous assurance)

• Barrier failure including (failure scenarios, leak paths, consequences, prevention, detection, response)

• Well abandonment including (permanent barriers, abandonment procedures, long-term integrity, regulatory requirements, responsible decommissioning)

9.3 Simultaneous Operations

• SIMOPS definition including (simultaneous operations, concurrent activities, potential interactions, coordination necessity, interface management)

• SIMOPS hazards including (dropped objects, vessel collision, crane interference, hydrocarbon release, multiple exposures)

• SIMOPS management including (assessment, planning, coordination, communication, bridging, systematic control)

• SIMOPS procedures including (risk assessment, coordination meetings, communication protocols, authorization, safe execution)

• Marine coordination including (vessel movements, standby vessels, supply operations, dynamic positioning, marine safety)

10. Environmental Risk Management

10.1 Environmental Hazards

• Oil spill including (hydrocarbon release, marine pollution, environmental damage, ecological impact, major concern)

• Chemical discharge including (drilling fluids, production chemicals, discharge regulations, water quality, marine environment)

• Atmospheric emissions including (greenhouse gases, air pollutants, flaring, venting, climate impact, air quality)

• Waste management including (hazardous waste, solid waste, disposal, treatment, waste minimization, responsible management)

• Biodiversity including (marine life, sensitive species, protected areas, ecosystem impact, conservation, environmental stewardship)

10.2 Oil Spill Response

• Spill prevention including (containment, leak detection, isolation, preventive barriers, primary prevention, loss prevention)

• Oil Spill Response Plan including (response organization, resources, procedures, training, preparedness, systematic readiness)

• Response capability including (spill response equipment, dispersants, recovery systems, boom, skimmers, available resources)

• Response execution including (spill detection, notification, activation, containment, recovery, disposal, coordinated response)

• Environmental monitoring including (impact assessment, shoreline monitoring, wildlife protection, ecosystem recovery, post-spill monitoring)

10.3 Environmental Management

• Environmental Management System including (ISO 14001, systematic approach, regulatory compliance, performance improvement, structured management)

• Environmental assessment including (Environmental Impact Assessment, baseline studies, impact prediction, mitigation measures, regulatory approval)

• Regulatory compliance including (discharge permits, emission limits, monitoring requirements, reporting, enforcement, legal obligations)

• Environmental performance including (environmental KPIs, target setting, monitoring, reporting, continuous improvement, accountability)

• Decommissioning including (facility removal, environmental restoration, waste management, regulatory compliance, responsible closure)

11. Performance Monitoring and Assurance

11.1 Safety Performance Indicators

• Lagging indicators including (Lost Time Injury Rate, Total Recordable Injury Rate, fatalities, incident frequency, outcome measures)

• Leading indicators including (safety observations, near-miss reports, audits completed, training hours, proactive measures)

• Major accident indicators including (hydrocarbon releases, loss of containment, safety-critical element performance, precursor events)

• Barrier performance including (barrier availability, test results, maintenance backlog, degradation, assurance metrics)

• Safety culture indicators including (reporting culture, safety climate surveys, engagement measures, cultural health, behavioral indicators)

11.2 Audit and Inspection

• Audit program including (compliance audits, management system audits, verification audits, systematic review, assurance program)

• Inspection programs including (equipment inspection, facility inspection, condition assessment, systematic verification, defect identification)

• Regulatory inspection including (government inspection, compliance verification, enforcement, regulatory oversight, external scrutiny)

• Finding management including (corrective action, root cause, implementation tracking, verification, closure, continuous improvement)

• Audit effectiveness including (independent auditors, competence, follow-up, continuous improvement, value addition, assurance quality)

11.3 Incident Investigation

• Incident reporting including (all incidents, near-misses, hazardous conditions, low threshold, transparent reporting, learning culture)

• Investigation process including (evidence collection, analysis, root cause, recommendations, report, systematic approach)

• Root cause analysis including (underlying causes, organizational factors, systemic issues, deep investigation, prevention focus)

• Investigation techniques including (interviews, physical evidence, timeline reconstruction, 5 Whys, fishbone diagram, Tripod Beta)

• Learning and sharing including (lessons learned, corrective actions, implementation, industry sharing, organizational learning, continuous improvement)

12. Regulatory Compliance and Safety Cases

12.1 Safety Case Regime

• Safety Case purpose including (major accident prevention, demonstration of safety, regulatory compliance, operator responsibility, systematic documentation)

• Safety Case elements including (management system, hazard identification, risk assessment, risk control, emergency response, performance monitoring)

• Safety Case development including (gap analysis, documentation, stakeholder engagement, submission, regulatory review, approval)

• Safety Case maintenance including (periodic review, modification, continuous improvement, change management, currency maintenance)

• Acceptance criteria including (ALARP demonstration, regulatory standards, performance standards, risk tolerability, compliance verification)

12.2 Management System Requirements

• Safety Management System including (policies, objectives, organization, procedures, performance monitoring, continuous improvement, systematic approach)

• ISM Code including (International Safety Management Code, shipping safety, pollution prevention, company responsibility, SMS requirements)

• Risk assessment processes including (systematic identification, assessment methodology, risk control, documentation, continuous assessment)

• Competence and training including (competency requirements, training programs, assessment, records, ongoing development, capability assurance)

• Emergency preparedness including (emergency procedures, drills, equipment, coordination, preparedness demonstration, response capability)

12.3 Regulatory Engagement

• Regulatory relationship including (open communication, transparency, consultation, cooperation, professional engagement, constructive dialogue)

• Regulatory reporting including (incident notification, performance reporting, compliance reporting, transparent disclosure, timely submission)

• Regulatory inspection including (preparation, cooperation, evidence provision, finding response, professional interaction, compliance demonstration)

• Non-compliance management including (identification, correction, root cause, prevention, regulatory notification, accountability)

• Continuous improvement including (regulatory feedback, industry developments, best practice adoption, progressive enhancement, excellence pursuit)

13. Offshore Risk Management in Practice

13.1 Industry Case Studies

• Major accidents including (Piper Alpha, Deepwater Horizon, Alexander Kielland, Ocean Ranger, historical lessons, catastrophic events)

• Accident causes including (technical failures, organizational failures, regulatory failures, cultural factors, systemic causes)

• Lessons learned including (safety improvements, regulatory changes, industry transformation, knowledge transfer, never forget)

• Best practices including (industry initiatives, safety innovations, collaborative learning, continuous advancement, excellence examples)

• Benchmarking including (performance comparison, maturity assessment, gap identification, improvement targets, competitive excellence)

13.2 Integrated Operations

• Integrated operations including (onshore support, real-time monitoring, remote operations, collaboration technology, efficiency gains)

• Control room operations including (monitoring, decision support, remote intervention, coordination, centralized control)

• Organizational integration including (onshore-offshore coordination, collaboration, communication, virtual teams, seamless operations)

• Technology risks including (cyber security, system failures, over-reliance, human factors, new risks, risk management)

• Risk management implications including (new hazards, control challenges, competency requirements, organizational factors, adapted approach)

13.3 Continuous Improvement

• Performance review including (KPI analysis, trend identification, benchmark comparison, gap assessment, systematic review)

• Improvement initiatives including (safety campaigns, technology adoption, process improvement, cultural development, targeted actions)

• Industry collaboration including (knowledge sharing, joint initiatives, standards development, collective learning, industry advancement)

• Innovation including (new technology, digital solutions, safer methods, efficiency gains, continuous advancement, competitive edge)

• Learning organization including (knowledge management, best practice sharing, competency development, organizational capability, sustained excellence)

14. Case Studies & Group Discussions

• Real-world offshore risk scenarios including (major accidents, operational challenges, emergency situations, risk management successes)

• The importance of proper training in developing effective offshore risk management capabilities